Located just across the Río de la Plata from Buenos Aires, Uruguay’s underrated capital is a cosmopolitan and eclectic mix of colourful colonial architecture and high rise modernity. The 14-mile waterfront promenade, La Rambla, is a popular and pleasant place to be on a summer’s evening.

The carnival capital of the world, Rio de Janeiro needs little introduction. We can think of few cities in the world that are able to compete when it comes to location: hugging the beautiful sandy shore and surrounded by jungle-clad islands and mountains, including the iconic Corcovado, the setting for Brazil’s most vibrant city is simply breathtaking.

Colourful Salvador is Brazil’s third biggest city and a vibrant centre for Afro-Brazilian culture, with frequent festivals that fill the streets with music and dancing. The historic core of the old city is the biggest tourist magnet, where elegant, brightly hued colonial buildings line the cobbled streets.

Bisected by the Equator, the city of Macapá commands a strategic position on the northern side of the Amazon estuary, and is the site of an impressive 18th century Portuguese fort. There is also a pleasant riverfront area cooled by ocean breezes, and the surrounding region is rich in birdlife.

The laid back riverside village of Alter do Chão is sometimes known as the ‘Caribbean of the Amazon’ thanks to its white sand beaches, clear waters and chilled out vibe. Beyond the beach the main activities are exploring the surrounding rainforest and shopping for local handicrafts.

The tiny village of Boca da Valéria, with its picturesque little church and wooden stilt houses, is home to a remote indigenous community, at the point where the Valéria and Amazon rivers meet. The villagers are used to welcoming cruise ship visitors, but stepping ashore here is still a memorable experience.

Manaus is a remarkable place, a sweltering, steamy city in the heart of the Brazilian rainforest. Situated near the confluence of the Rio Negro and Amazon rivers, surrounded by thick jungle, the city is a major port in spite of its location some 1,000 miles from the sea.

The little island town of Parintins is famous for its annual Boi Bumbá festival, the biggest folk celebration in Brazil after Rio Carnival. Cruise ship visitors are usually met by Bumbá dancers at the port, and it’s a great place to get a feel for everyday life in the Amazon region.

Santarém is situated at the ‘Wedding of the Waters’, where the Amazon and Tapajós rivers meet. A former rubber boom town, the city is now a focus for the controversial soybean industry. Activities on offer nearby include canoeing, wildlife walks and day trips to the laid back town of Alter do Chão.

Bisected by the Equator, the city of Macapá commands a strategic position on the northern side of the Amazon estuary, and is the site of an impressive 18th century Portuguese fort. There is also a pleasant riverfront area cooled by ocean breezes, and the surrounding region is rich in birdlife.